The role of sustainability assessment tools in realizing bioenergy and bioproduct systems

The pressing global challenges, including warming and climate change, the Russia-Ukraine war, Covid-19 pandemic, all are indicative of necessity a transition from fossil-based systems toward bioenergy bioproduct to ensure our plans for sustainable development. Such transition, however, should be thoroughly engineered, considering sustainability different elements these systems. Advanced tools instrumental in realizing this important objective. present work critically reviews tools, techno-economic, life cycle assessment, emergy, energy, exergy analyses, within context principles behind methods briefly explained, then their pros cons designing, analyzing, optimizing highlighted. Overall, it can concluded that despite promises held by they cannot regarded as perfect solutions address issues involved systems, integration provide more reliable accurate results than single approaches.